اثربخشی آموزش مهارتهای تنظیم هیجانی در کارکردهای اجرایی و راهبردهای تنظیم هیجانی در نوجوانان در معرض خطر

نویسندگان
دانشگاه خوارزمی
چکیده
مقدمه: مشکلات تنظیم هیجان می‌تواند باعث بروز اختلالات عمده در کودکان و نوجوانان شود. از آنجایی که بدتنظیمی هیجانی نقش عمده‌ای در مشکلات درون‌ریزی و برون ریزی شده‌ی کودکان و نوجوانان دارد، از این رو دوره نوجوانی فرصت مهم برای تغییرات در تجارب عاطفی، تنظیم هیجانی و همچنین افزایش آسیب‏های روانی و تغییرات فراگیر در روابط اجتماعی است. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثربخشی آموزش مهارت‌های تنظیم هیجانی در بهبود کارکردهای اجرایی و راهبردهای تنظیم هیجانی نوجوانان در معرض خطر است. روش: روش پژوهش از نوع آزمایشی است که از پیش آزمون – پس آزمون با گروه کنترل استفاده شده است. 24 نوجوان دختر از مناطق پرخطر شهر تهران به شیوه انتخاب در دسترس به طور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل جایگزین شدند. گروه آزمایش، برنامه‏ی آموزش مهارت‏های تنظیم هیجانی براساس مدل رفتاردرمانی دیالکتیک که از راهنمای درمان لینهان اقتباس شده بود را به مدت 8 جلسه‏ی گروهی دریافت کردند، درحالی‌که گروه کنترل تا پایان اجرای طرح هیچ‌گونه مداخله‏ای را دریافت نکردند. یافته‌ها: آموزش مهارت‌های تنظیم هیجانی باعث افزایش نمرات راهبردهای سازگارانه و کاهش نمرات راهبردهای ناسازگارانه تنظیم هیجانی شد. همچنین در متغیر کارکرد اجرایی باعث افزایش تعداد کوشش‌های صحیح و طبقات تکمیل‌شده نسبت به گروه کنترل شد. نتیجه‌گیری: آموزش مهارت‌های تنظیم هیجانی می‌تواند در تعدیل و اصلاح واکنش‌های هیجانی نوجوانان موثر باشد و همچنین بر فرایندهای شناختی درگیر نیز تأثیر بگذارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Effectiveness training emotion regulation skills in executive function and emotion regulation strategies of adolescents at risk

نویسندگان English

Fatemeh Ramezanzadeh
Alireza Moradi
Shahram Mohammadkhani
چکیده English

Introduction: Emotion regulation problems can cause important disorders in children and adolescents. Since emotion dysregulation has major role in internalizing and externalizing problems of children and adolescents, adolescence is an important opportunity for changes in emotional experiences, emotional regulation and also increasing mental disorders and generalized changes in social relationships. The aim of this research is to study the effectiveness of training emotion regulation skills in improvement of executive function and emotion regulation strategies of at risk adolescents. Method: The method of this research is experimental that we used pre- test and post -test with control group.24 teenage girls have been selected from hazardous areas of Tehran with accessible manner and randomly they have been appointed in experimental and control group.The members of experimental group got education program of emotion regulation skills in the base of dialectical behavioral therapy that was derived from Linehan model in 8 group sessions,while the control group don’t take any intervention.Results: Training emotion regulation skills increased the scores of adaptive strategies and decreased the scores of maladaptive strategies. Also there was an increase in total number correct of executive function variable and number of categories completed rather than control group.Conclusion: Training of emotion regulation skills can affect in modifying and moderating of emotional reactions in adolescents and also it can affects on involved cognitive processes.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

emotion regulation
executive function
Dialectical Behavior Therapy
adolescents at risk
Andersen, S. L.&Teicher, M. H. (2008).Stress, sensitive periods and maturational events in adolescent depression.Trends in Neuroscience, 31, 183-191.
Baddeley, A. (1996). Exploring the central executive. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Experimental Psychology(SpecialIssue: Working Memory), 49A, 5–28.
Breking,M.,Wupperman,P.,Reichardt,A.,Pejic,T.,Dippel,A.,Znoj,H.(2008).Emotionregulation skills as treatment target in psychotherapy.JournalBehaviour research and therapy , 46: 1230-1237 .
Ciuluvica , C., Mitrofan , N., Grilli,A. (2013). Aspects of emotion regulation difficulties and cognitive deficit in executive functions related of ADHD symptomatology in children .Journal procedia-social and behavioral sciences ,78 : 390-394.
Dillon , J.,A. (2009). Play , creativity , emotion regulation and executive function. Master's thesis, to CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY.
Dimeff LA, Koerner K. Dialectical behavior therapy in clinical practice. New York: Guilford Press; 2007.
Elias, M. J. (2001). How social and emotional learning is infused into academics in the social decision making/social problem solving program. The CEIC Review, 10,16-17.
Ester,G-A., Antonio,H-M.,Aranzu,A.,Camino,F-A.(2010).Emotion regulation and executive function profiles of functioning related to the social development of children. Journal procedia social and behavioral sciences, 5 , 2077-2081 .
Fuster,D.,Scholar,Mc.(2011).The raletion between executive functioning and emotion regulation in young children . Mastersthesis ,to Pennsylvania state University .
Garnefski N, Kraaij V.(2006). Cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire-development of a short 18- item version (CERQ-short).Personality and Individual Differences.; (41): 1045-1053.
Garnefski N, Rieffe C, Jellesma F, Terwogt MM, Kraaij V.(2007). Cognitive emotion regulation strategies and emotional problems in 9-11-year-old children: the development of an instrument. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry; 16(1): 1-9.
Gyurak,A.,Goodkind,M.,Kramer,J.H.,Miller,B.L.,Levenson,R.W.(2012).Executive functions and the down-regulation and up- regulation of emotion .Journal cognition and emotion , 26(1),103-118.
Hasani,j.(2010). Psychometric properties of the questionnaire cognitive emotion regulation.clinical psychology,3(7): 73-83.[Persian].
Hill, E. L. (2004). Evaluating the theory of executive dysfunction in autism. Developmental Review, 24, 189-233.
Jermann F, Van-Der-Linden M, d'Acremont M, Zermatten A.(2006). Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ): Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Psychometric Properties of the French Translation. Eur. JournalPsychologyAssessment.; 22(2):126-131.
Kring, A. M., & Sloan, D. M. (2010).Emotion regulation in psychopathology: A transdiagnostic approach to etiology and treatment. New York: Guilford.
Leahy, R. L., Tirch, D., Napolitano, L. A. (2011). Emotion Regulation in Psychotherapy: A Practitioner's Guide. Guilford Press: New York.
Lieberman, D., Giesbrecht, G., & Müller, U. (2007). Cognitive and emotional aspects of self-regulation in preschoolers. Cognitive Development,22, 511-529.
Linehan MM.(1993). Skills training manual for treating borderline personality disorder. New York: Guilford Press.
Linehan M.(2000). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality dosorder. New York: Guilford Press.
McLaughlin,K,A.,Hatzenbuehler,M.,Douglas,S.Mennin,C.,Nolen-Hoeksema. (2011). Emotion dysregulation and adolescent psychopathology: A prospective study. Behaviour Research and Therapy,No 49, 544-554.
McWhirther, J.J., McWhirter, B.T., McWhirter, E.H., & McWhirter, R.J. (2007). At-risk youth: A comprehensive response for counselors, teachers, psychologists and human services professionals. Belmont: Thomson Brooks/Cole.
Moradi,A.R.,Jabbari,H.,Miraghaiee,A.,Parhoon,H.(2011). Executive Functions Performance among People with AIDS/HIV . Journal of Psychology.24(6),153-163.[Persian].
Neumann,A.,Barker,E.,Koot,H.,Maughan,B, .(2010). Affect dysregulation and adolescent psychopathology in the family context. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 119, 534-545.
Nolen-Hoeksema S, Wisco BE, Lyubomirsky S.(2008). Rethinking rumination.Psychological Inquiry. (3): 400-424.
Saea,I.(2012). Automatic emotion regulation by executive function .Doctors thesis , to Graduate school of environmental studies, Nagoya university .
Silk, J. S., Vanderbilt-Adriance, E., Shaw, D. S., Forbes, E. E., Whalen, D. J., Ryan, N. D., et al. (2007). Resilience among children and adolescents at risk for depression: mediation and moderation across social and neurobiological context. Development and Psychopathology, 19, 841e865.
Steinberg, L., Dahl, R., Keating, D., Kupfer, D. J., Masten, A., & Pine, D. (2006). The study of developmental psychopathology in adolescence: integrating affective neuroscience with the study of context. In D. Cicchetti, & D. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology, Vol. 2 (pp. 710-741).
Thompson RA. (1994).Emotional regulation: a theme in search for definition. Journal Society-Research In Child Development. (59): 25-52.
Tottenham, N., Hare, T. A., & Casey, B. J. (2011).Behavioral assessment of emotion discrimination, emotion regulation, and cognitive control in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.Front .