اثر تقویت بازنمایی‌های حافظه بر حرمت خود در افراد دارای اضطراب امتحان: یک مطالعه مقدماتی

نویسندگان
دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
حرمت خود پایین یکی از مؤلفه‌های کلیدی و زیربنایی در آسیب‌شناسی روانی، ازجمله اضطراب امتحان است. به نظر می‌رسد که میزان فعالیت بازنمایی‌های مثبت فرد از خودش در حافظه، نقش مهمی در ادراک فرد از خودش ایفا می‌کند. هدف از مقاله حاضر، تعیین اثر تقویت بازنمایی‌های حافظه بر حرمت خود در افراد دارای اضطراب امتحان بود. روش این پژوهش، شبه آزمایشی از نوع پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون بود. بر اساس رویکرد رقابت بازیابی، یک بسته آموزشی جهت ارتقاء حرمت خود طراحی شد و پس از تأیید اعتبار محتوای آن توسط 5 متخصص روانشناس، این بسته در قالب مداخله گروهی 10 جلسه‌ای (هر هفته یک جلسه به مدت 1 ساعت) اجرا شد. شرکت‌کنندگان در پژوهش 10 دانش‌آموز مقطع دبیرستان با تشخیص اضطراب امتحان بودند که با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و در دسترس انتخاب شده و قبل و پس از مداخله و همچنین در پیگیری یک‌ماهه، پرسشنامه‌های اضطراب امتحان اسپیلبرگر و حرمت خود روزنبرگ را تکمیل نمودند. تحلیل داده‌ها با روش تحلیل روند یک‌راهه (تحلیل واریانس اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر) صورت گرفت. یافته‌ها نشان داد که اجرای این مداخله توانسته منجر به بهبود حرمت خود و کاهش معنادار اضطراب امتحان در افراد نمونه گردد (01/0 ˂ p) و این روند تا پیگیری یک‌ماهه نیز ادامه یافت. بطور کلی به نظر می‌رسد که انجام مداخله بر روی مؤلفه‌های زیربنایی آسیب‌شناسی روانی، از جمله حرمت خود پایین، می‌تواند اثرات مفید و همچنین پیشگیرانه‌ای در این زمینه داشته باشد و حتی بدون چالش عمدی با افکار، ممکن است بتوان تغییراتی در خودپنداره افراد ایجاد کرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

The Effect of Strengthening Memory Representations on Self-Esteem in People with Test Anxiety: A Pilot Study

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Khodayarifard
Elaheh Hejazi
Masoud Lavasani
Zeinab Azimi
Tehran University
چکیده English

Low self-esteem is one of the key factors underlying psychopathology, such as test anxiety. It seems that the activation of positive self-representations in memory plays an important role in self-perception. The aim of this article was to determine the effect of strengthening memory representations on self-esteem in people with test anxiety. This study was based on a quasi-experimental design with pretest and post-test. According to retrieval competition approach, a training package was designed to promote self-esteem and after verifying its content validity by 5 expert psychologist, the intervention was administered in 10 sessions (a one-hour session per week). Participants were 10 high school students with test anxiety diagnosis which were selected by purposive and available sampling; and completed Spielberger Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) before and after the intervention and also one month follow up. Data analysis was performed using one-way trend analysis (one-way ANOVA with repeated measures). The results indicated that this intervention could lead to improve self-esteem and decrease test anxiety in participants (p˂0.01) and this trend continued until one month follow-up. As a result, it seems that interventions on the factors underlying psychopathology, such as low self-esteem, can have beneficial as well as proactive effects in this area and We may be able to make changes in self-concept even with no deliberate challenge to the thoughts.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Representation
retrieval competition
Memory
self-esteem
test anxiety
intervention
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