کاربرد نظریه استعاره مفهومی لیکاف در آموزش تفکر خلاق

نویسندگان
محمود محمدی 1
افضل السادات حسینی 1
رمضان برخورداری 2
1 دانشگاه تهران
2 دانشگاه خوارزمی
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با این هدف شناخت نقش و کاربرد نظریه استعاره مفهومی لیکاف در آموزش تفکر انجام شد. این پژوهش با روش تحلیل مفهومی 30 منبع منتخب در دو بخش زبان فنی و زبان متعارف انجام شده است. نتایج تحلیل زبان فنی بیانگر آن است که نقش یا پیامدهای استعاره مفهومی در آموزش تفکر خلاق، به طور کلی در دو حوزه شناختی و اجتماعی قابل تقسیم است. از پیامدهای شناختی می توان به مواردی چون؛ پرورش مهارت استدلال، بهبود توانایی تعقل و توانایی منطقی و صوری، و توانایی مفهوم سازی و از پیامدهای اجتماعی هم یادگیری منطق و استدلال سخن گفتن، یادگیری سخن گفتن صحیح، اصولی و جذاب و تفکر برانگیز و تقویت گفتار محاروه ای و روزمره و مانند آن ها اشاره کرد. نتایج تحلیل زبان متعارف نشان می دهد که آموزش تفکر عمدتاً استعاری و با استعاره ها انجام می شود و انتخاب انواع استعاره های مختلف می تواند نتیجه آموزشی و تربیتی متفاوتی داشته باشد. بهره گیری از استعاره های مفهومی در آموزش تفکر، در تسهیل آموزش و یادگیری مؤثر است و معلمان می توانند برای تفکر بهتر، دانش آموزان را با هدایت خود برای تولید اندیشه ها، ایده ها و پدیده ها، هم از استعاره ها بهره بگیرند و هم این که یادگیرندگان برای بهبود یادگیری شان و در جهت خلاقیت در تفکرشان، استعاره هایی تولید کنند. معلمان و آموزش دهندگان، باید در فرایند آموزش تفکر، در زمان کار با کودکان، مراحل متخلف و تدریج را رعایت کنند. در پایان مقاله الگوی نمونه جهت آموزش تفکر خلاق مبتنی بر استعاره مفهومی، ارائه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها
استعاره مفهومی
خلاقیت
آموزش تفکر
آموزش تفکر خلاق

عنوان مقاله English

Conceptual Metaphor, Creativity, Thinking Education, teaching of creative thinking

نویسندگان English

Mahmoud Mohammadi 1
Afzal sadat Hoseini 1
Ramazan Barkhordari 2
1 Tehran University
2 Kharazmi University
چکیده English

The purpose of this study was to identify the role and application of the concept of metaphor of Lakoff in thinking teaching. This research has been conducted with conceptual analysis method of 30 selected sources in two parts of the technical language and the conventional language. The results of technical language analysis indicate that the role or outcomes of conceptual metaphor in the teaching of creative thinking can be generally divided into two cognitive and social domains. Cognitive outcomes include: developing the skills of reasoning, improving the ability to reason, and rational and formal ability, and the ability to conceptualize, and from the social consequences of learning logic and reasoning to speak, learning to speak properly, principled, attractive and thoughtful, and reinforcement of spiritual and everyday speech and the like. The results of conventional language analysis show that thinking education is mostly metaphorical and metaphorical, and the choice of different metaphors can have different educational outcomes. The use of conceptual metaphors in teaching thinking is effective in facilitating learning and learning, and teachers can, for better thinking, use students to direct their thoughts, ideas and phenomena, both metaphors, and that learners create metaphors to improve their learning and to creativity in their thinking. Teachers and educators should, in the process of teaching teaching, while working with children, follow the offending and gradual stages. At the end of the article, a typical model for the teaching of creative thinking based on conceptual metaphor was presented.





کلیدواژه‌ها English

Conceptual metaphor
creativity
Thinking Education
teaching of creative thinking
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