درک استعاره‌ در بیماران آلزایمر فارسی‌زبان: نقش نظام شناختی ‌اجرایی

نویسنده
امید آزاد
مجتمع آموزش عالی گناباد
چکیده
استعاره‌ها به عنوان یکی از پرکاربرد­ترین گونه­‌های زبانی و به‌واسطه معنای انتزاعی­شان، حوزه پژوهشی مناسبی برای بررسی عملکرد بیمارانی که از نقصان قابلیت شناختی رنج می­برند تلقی می‌گردد. هدف از کنکاش حاضر، با هدف بررسی فرایند درک استعاره‌­های نو و مرده در بیماران آلزایمر فارسی­‌زبان و بررسی نقش نظام شناختی­‌اجرایی در فرایند مزبور انجام یافته است. روش پژوهش حاضر از نوع همبستگی و جامعه آماری پژوهش متشکل از 5 بیمار آلزایمر فارسی­‌زبان و ده نفر سالمند سالم در گستره سنی و تحصیلات مشابه با این بیماران به عنوان گروه گواه بود. جهت سنجش قابلیت شناختی ­اجرایی بیماران از آزمون­‌های استروپ رنگ و ترسیم ساعت و برای بررسی توانایی آن‌ها در درک استعاره از آزمون­‌های گزینش اجباری و توضیح شفاهی استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که بیماران آلزایمر در آزمون درک استعاره‌­ها و به­ویژه استعاره­‌های نو عملکرد ضعیفی از خود بروز دادند. عملکرد این بیماران در درک استعاره، با عملکرد آن‌ها در آزمون­‌های استروپ رنگ و ترسیم ساعت مرتبط بود هر چند این همبستگی در مورد استعاره‌­های نو به شکل بارزتری مشاهده شد. ارتباط بین فرایند درک استعاره و قابلیت دیداری ­ادراکی بیماران از یکسو نشان داد که نقصان نظام‌­شناختی‌­اجرایی در عملکرد ضعیف بیماران در درک استعاره نقش دارد و از سویی دیگر نشان دهنده نقش برجسته قشر پیش­‌پیشانی مغز در درک استعاره می­باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
استعاره مرده
آلزایمر
درک

عنوان مقاله English

Metaphor Comprehension in Persian-Speaking Alzheimer’s Patients: The Role of Central Executive

نویسنده English

Omid Azad
University of Gonabad
چکیده English

Metaphores are considered as one of the most common functions of language and due to their abstract meaning, they can be used to study the performance of patients suffering from cognitive deficits. This research aimed at investigating dead and novel metaphor comprehension in Persian-speaking Alzheimer’s patients, and analyzing the role of executive function in this process. This research has taken advantage of co-relational methods. The sample society is composed of 5 Persian-speaking Alzheimer’s patients whose age and education matched healthy controls. To assess patients’ executive abilities and metaphor comprehension, stroop color, clock drawing and metaphor comprehension tests were used respectively. The results showed Alzheimer’s patients’ deficit in metaphor comprehension, particularly in the novel ones. Patients’ performance in metaphor comprehension was related with theirs in stroop color test and clock drawing tests, although this correlation was more significant in the case of novel metaphors. On the one hand, the relationship between patients’ metaphor comprehension and their executive abilities demonstrated that deficit in executive system plays an important role in patients’ poor metaphor comprehension. On the other hand, this highlights the significant role of pre-frontal cortex in metaphor comprehension.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Dead metaphor
Alzheimer
Comprehension
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