خط ذهنی زمان در ایما و اشارات غیرکلامی فارسی زبانان از منظر استعاره‌های مفهومی لیکاف و جانسون

نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی
2 دانشگاه پیام نور
3 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
4 دانشگاه فرهنگیان اهواز
چکیده
یکی از استعاره­‌های مفهومی معروف، استعاره "زمان به مثابه فضا" می­‌باشد. زمان به عنوان یک مفهوم انتزاعی توسط مفهوم عینی چون فضا مفهوم‌سازی می­‌شود. این مفهوم‌سازی زمان همچنین در ایما و اشارات حین کلام نیز نمود دارد. در این تحقیق سعی داریم دریابیم خط فرضی زمان در ایما و اشارات حین کلام دارای چه بُعد و جهتی است و تحت تأثیر کدام یک از منابع استعاری فضا می­‌باشد. بدین منظور شش منبع استعاری اقتباس شده از فضا بر سه محور سهمی، جانبی، و عمودی در شش جهت فضایی بر روی دو واژه فردا و دیروز مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. شرکت‌کنندگان 137 دانشجو با بازه سنی 18 تا30 می­‌باشند. بسامد وقوع و میانگین درصد ایما و اشارات نشان داد محور افقی-سهمی پشت سر به روبه‌­رو برگرفته از منبع استعاری-فضایی جهت استعاره‌­های زبانی با 55.75 درصد؛ و محور افقی-جانبی راست به چپ برگرفته از منبع استعاری-فضایی جهت نوشتاری زبان فارسی با 30.1 درصد به عنوان دو عامل تأثیرگذار در فعال‌سازی این ابعاد و جهات نقش داشتند. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می­‌دهد که ما به واسطه تجارب بدنمند حسی-حرکتی که از زبان به عنوان یک فناوری قراردادی-فرهنگی به صورت نوشتاری و یا استعاره‌­های زبانی داریم می­‌تواند نقش مهمی در بازنمایی خط ذهنی زمان در ایما و اشارات ایفا ­کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Mental Timeline in Persian Speakers’ Co-Speech Gestures Based on Lakoff and Johnson’s Conceptual Metaphor Theory

نویسندگان English

Hossein Matoori 1
Elkhas Veysi 2
Bahman Gorjian 3
Mehran Memari 4
چکیده English

One of the well-known conceptual metaphors is the metaphor of "time as space". Time as an abstract concept is conceptualized by a concrete concept like space. This conceptualization of time is also reflected in co-speech gestures. In this research, we try to find out what dimension and direction the mental timeline takes in co-speech gestures and under which metaphorical sources of space it takes place. For this purpose, six possible metaphorical sources adopted from space on three axes of sagittal, lateral, and vertical in six spatial directions were examined on the words tomorrow and yesterday. Participants were 137 students ranging in age from 18 to 30. The frequency of occurrence and the average percentage in co-speech gestures showed that the horizontal-sagittal axis back to front adopted from metaphorical-spatial source of linguistic metaphors with 55.75%; and right to left horizontal-lateral axis adopted from metaphorical-spatial source of Persian writing direction with 30.1% were the two influential factors in activating these dimensions and directions. The results of this study showed that language can play an important role in the representation of the mental timeline in co-speech gestures through the embodied sensory-motor experiences that we have from language as a conventional-cultural artifact in writing or linguistic metaphors.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Conceptual Metaphors
Mental Timeline
Co-speech Gestures
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