تأثیر نسبت‌های مختلف تمرین (مشاهده عمل، تصویرسازی حرکتی و تمرین ترکیبی) بر تحکیم حافظه حرکتی کودکان دختر: چالشی بر فرضیه بار شناختی

نویسندگان
راضیه ساجدی 1
سمانه شجاعی 2
پروانه شمسی پور دهکردی 1
سید محمد کاظم واعظ موسوی 3
1 دانشگاه الزهراء (س) تهران، ایران.
2 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران مرکز
3 دانشگاه امام حسین (ع)، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
تلاش برای پیشرفت بیشتر در تمرینات و یادگیری، آموزش‌های شناختی تصویرسازی و مشاهده عمل را مطرح نموده است. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر نسبت‌های مختلف تمرین بر تحکیم حافظه حرکتی کودکان دختر همراه با بار شناختی است. این پژوهش از نوع نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون، اکتساب و یادداری بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل دانش آموزان مقطع ابتدایی منطقه 18 شهر تهران در سال تحصیلی 98-97 است که با روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. 98 دانش آموزان دختر مقطع ابتدایی با دامنه سنی 12-8 سال به صورت تصادفی به 10 گروه (تمرین بدنی، تصویر سازی حرکتی، مشاهده عمل، تصویر سازی حرکتی- تمرین بدنی و مشاهده عمل - تمرین بدنی) بر اساس معیارهای ورود به مطالعه گمارده شدند. جهت جمع آوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه‌های جمعیت شناختی، تصویرسازی حرکتی ((MIQ-R و وضوح تصویرسازی حرکتی (VMIQ-2) تکلیف استروپ و تکلیف تطبیق رنگ زنجیره‌ای استفاده شد. شرکت کنندگان در مرحله اکتساب 1920 کوشش و 48 ساعت بعد در جلسه یادداری یک بلوک 80 کوششی را انجام دادند. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون تحلیل کواریانس 2 (مراحل ارزیابی: اکتساب، یادداری) × 5 (گروه‌های آزمایشی) با تکرار روی عامل مراحل ارزیابی از نرم افزار SPSS استفاده شد. نتایج تحلیل واریانس نشان داد اثر اصلی نوع تمرین و نوع بار شناختی معنادار است (05/0p<). نتایج آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی نشان داد شرکت کننده‌های گروه مشاهده عمل و تصویر سازی با بار شناختی پایین بهترین عملکرد و شرکت کننده‌های گروه تمرین با بار شناختی پایین ضعیف‌ترین عملکرد را نسبت به سایر گروه‌ها داشتند. انجام تمرینات به صورت ترکیبی مشاهده‌ای و تصویر سازی باعث عملکرد بهتر در یادگیری و تحکیم حافظه حرکتی شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
تکلیف استروپ
تکلیف تطبیق رنگ زنجیره‌ای
تمرین
بار شناختی

عنوان مقاله English

The effect of different ratios of practice (observation of action, motor imagery and combined training) on the consolidation of motor memory of girl children: a challenge to the cognitive load hypothesis

نویسندگان English

raziyeh sajedi 1
samaneh shojaie 2
parvaneh shamsipour Dehkord 1
Seyed Mohammad Kazem Vaez Mousavi 3
1 Alzahra University
2 Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Iran.
3 Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Efforts to further progress in practice and learning have introduced cognitive imagery and action observation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different practice ratios on consolidation the motor memory of girls with cognitive load. This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest, acquisition and retention design. The statistical population of the study includes primary school students in the 18th district of Tehran in the academic year of 97-98 who were selected by convenience sampling method. 98 elementary school girl students in the age range of 8-12 years were randomly divided into 10 groups (physical practice, motor imagery, action observation, motor imagery - physical practice and action observation - physical practice) based on inclusion criteria. Were. Demographic, motion imaging (MIQ-R) and motion imaging resolution (VMIQ-2) questionnaires, Strope task and serial color matching task were used to collect information. Participants made an effort in the 1920 acquisition phase and 48 hours later in an 80-block memorial session. To analyze the data, analysis of covariance test 2 (assessment steps: acquisition, retention) × 5 (experimental groups) with repetition on the factor of assessment steps, SPSS software was used. The results of analysis of variance showed that the main effect of practice type and cognitive load type was significant (p <0.05). The results of Bonferroni post hoc test showed that the participants in the practice observation and imaging group with low cognitive load had the best performance and the participants in the practice group with low cognitive load had the weakest performance compared to the other groups. Performing practice in a combination of observation and imaging will lead to better performance in learning and consolidation motor memory.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Strope task
Serial color matching task
practice
Cognitive Load
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