محور افقی و عمودی خط ذهنی زمان در گویشوران زبان فارسی

نویسنده
حسین مطوری
گروه زبان انگلیسی، واحد بین المللی خرمشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خرمشهر، ایران
1052547/jcp.9.2.55
چکیده
در این پژوهش جهت افقی و عمودی بودن خط زمان در ذهن گویشوران زبان فارسی از منظر استعارهای مفهومی لیکاف و جانسون مورد بررسی قرار می‌گیرد. خط ذهنی زمان به عنوان یک مفهوم انتزاعی با توجه به تجارب شناختی و ذهن بدنمند ما ممکن است به صورت استعاری تحت تاثیر مفاهیم عینی فضا در ذهن مفهوم سازی شود. در این تحقیق از یک نوع آزمایش تجربی به صورت مرتب سازی مکعب‌های رنگی زمان در ابعاد و جهات احتمالی مختلف در مفاهیم روزهای هفته شامل شنبه، یکشنبه، و دوشنبه؛ سه وعده اصلی شامل صبحانه، ناهار و شام؛ و مفهوم زمان شامل گذشته، حال و آینده استفاده شده است. تعداد 45 کارمند زن و مرد با محدوه سنی 27 تا 45 سال از دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بین المللی خرمشهر-خلیج فارس در این آزمون شرکت نمودند. درصد و میانگین بسامد وقوع مرتب سازی مکعب‌های رنگی در سه مفهوم زمان نشان داد که به ترتیب محورهای افقی جانبی راست به چپ برگرفته از جهت نوشتاری زبان فارسی با 45.6 درصد به عنوان اولین؛ محور افقی سهمی عقب به جلو برگرفته از جهت راه رفتن، استعاره‌های زبانی، و جهت نگاه با 25.7 درصد به عنوان دومین؛ و محور افقی جانبی چپ به راست برگرفته از جهت نوشتاری اعداد و ریاضیات با 14.6 درصد به عنوان سومین منابع اقتباسی مفاهیم انتزاعی زمان در زبان فارسی قلمداد می‌گردند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که در ذهن فارسی زبانان تجربه شناختی جهت نوشتاری زبان بر اثر تکرار و تجربه حسی حرکتی همچنان به عنوان غالب‌ترین الگو بازنمایی دارد و بعد از این الگو جهت راه رفتن و نگاه که جهتی رو به جلو دارد به میران قابل ملاحظه ای بر بازنمایی جهت خط ذهنی زمان تاثیر دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
خط ذهنی زمان
محور افقی و عمودی
نگاشت فضا بر زمان
استعاره مفهومی

عنوان مقاله English

Vertical and horizontal mental timeline in Persian Speakers

نویسنده English

Hossein Matoori
Department of English Language , Khorramshahr International Branch, Islamic Azad University
چکیده English

In this research, the horizontal and vertical direction of the time line in the minds of Persian speakers is examined from the perspective of Lakoff and Johnson conceptual metaphors. The mental timeline as an abstract concept according to our cognitive experiences and embodied mind may be conceptualized metaphorically under the influence of concrete concepts of space in our mind. In this research, a type of experimental experiment in the form of arranging colored cubes of time is used in different dimensions and possible directions in the concepts of the days of the week, including Saturday, Sunday, and Monday; the three main meals that include breakfast, lunch and dinner; and the concept of time that includes the yesterday, today and tomorrow. A total of 45 male and female employees between the age of 27 and 45 from the Islamic Azad University of Khorramshahr-Persian Gulf International Branch participated in this experiment. Percentage and average frequency of sorting colored cubes in the three concepts of time showed that, respectively, the horizontal lateral axes from right to left are adopted from the writing direction of Persian language with 45.6% as the first; the horizontal axis of the back-front paradigm is taken from the walking and looking direction, and linguistic metaphors, with 25.7% as the second; and the horizontal axis left to right taken from the writing direction of numbers and mathematics with 14.6% are considered as the third adopted sources of abstract concepts of time in Persian. The results show that in the minds of Persian speakers, the cognitive experience for writing the language due to repetition and sensory-motor experience is still represented as the most dominant pattern, and after this pattern walking and looking forward has a considerable affects on the representation of the direction of mental timeline.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Mental Timeline
vertical and horizontal axes
space-time mapping
Conceptual Metaphors
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