اثربخشی آموزش باورها و حالت فراشناختی بر حافظه کاری دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدایی

نویسندگان
پریسا اسداللهی
محمدحسین سالاری فر
لیلا طالب‌زاده شوشتری
دانشگاه بیرجند
1052547/jcp.9.3.41
چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثربخشی آموزش باورها و حالت فراشناختی بر حافظه کاری دانش‌آموزان ابتدایی بود. روش پژوهش، براساس هدف کاربردی و برحسب گردآوری اطلاعات شبه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون ـ پس‌آزمون با گروه گواه و یک مرحله پیگیری است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل دانش‌آموزان ابتدایی مدارس دخترانه شهر بیرجند بود. با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس، 46 نفر از دانش‌آموزان پایه ششم به عنوان نمونه پژوهش انتخاب و در دو گروه 23 نفری آزمایش و گواه جایگزین شدند. برای آموزش باورها و حالت فراشناختی از بسته آموزش فراشناختی و برای سنجش حافظه کاری از آزمون رایانه‌ای بازشناسی تصاویر (N-Back) استفاده شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌های یو مان-ویتنی، فریدمن و ویلکاکسون تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد، گروه آزمایش و گروه گواه در پس آزمون بایکدیگر تفاوت معناداری دارند و میانگین گروه آزمایش در حافظه کاری از میانگین گروه گواه بیشتر بود. نتایج آزمون پیگیری حاکی از ماندگاری اثربخشی آموزش بود. به‌بیان دیگر آموزش فراشناختی، حافظه کاری را افزایش می‌دهد. بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش می‌توان گفت، با استفاده از آموزش باورها و حالت فراشناختی، حافظه کاری دانش‌آموزان ابتدایی افزایش می‌یابد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
باورهای فراشناختی
حالت فراشناختی
حافظه کاری
دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدایی

عنوان مقاله English

The Effectiveness of Training Metacognitive Beliefs and State on Working Memory of Elementary School Students

نویسندگان English

Parisa Asadollahi
Mohammad Hosein Salarifar
Laila Talebzadah Shoshtari
University of Birjand
چکیده English

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of training metacognitive beliefs and state on working memory of elementary school students. This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, follow-up and a control group design. The population consisted of elementary school students in Birjand. Forty-six students in the sixth grade were recruited via convenience sampling method. The participants were allocated to the experimental group (n = 23) and the control group (n = 23). The metacognitive training package was used to teach metacognitive beliefs and state. Moreover, the computer image recognition test (N-Back) was used to evaluate working memory. Data were analyzed using Mann Whitney U, Friedman and Wilcoxon tests. The findings indicated a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. Furthermore, the experimental group showed higher levels of mean in working memory scores compared to the control group. The results of the follow-up test suggested the lasting effect of the training. According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that training metacognitive beliefs and state might enhances students’ working memory.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

metacognitive beliefs
Metacognitive State
working memory
elementary school students
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