تأثیر تصویرسازی، مشاهده و اجرای الگو درون زمین بر عملکرد بازی‌های تنظیم‌شده بسکتبالیست‌های ماهر

نویسندگان
امیرمحمد بهروز عابدینی 1
مهدی شهبازی 1
الهه عرب عامری 1
مهران شاهین طبع 2
1 دانشگاه تهران
2 دانشگاه افسری امام علی (ع)
چکیده
اثربخشی روش‌­های مختلف آموزشی در یادگیری انواع مهارت­‌های حرکتی، مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. با این وجود، مقایسه این روش‌­ها در بازی­‌های تنظیم شده ورزش‌­های تیمی، کمتر مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. بنابراین هدف از مطالعه حاضر، مقایسه سه روش آموزشی تصویرسازی، مشاهده و اجرای الگو درون زمین بر عملکرد بازی­‌های تنظیم‌­شده در بسکتبالیست­‌های ماهر بود. بدین منظور 15 بازیکن شاغل در رقابت­‌های سوپرلیگ و لیگ برتر کشور به طور در دسترس در این تحقیق شرکت کردند. بازیکنان با توجه به پست بازی، به 3 تیم 5 نفره تقسیم شدند و براساس دسته­‌بندی تصادفی، در هر مرحله تحت یکی از سه شرایط تمرینی قرار گرفتند؛ به طوری که هر گروه هر سه روش را به طور تصادفی در هر مرحله انجام داد. هر کدام از شرایط، شامل 1 جلسه تمرین و جلسه آزمون کتبی و عملی (بعد از 24 ساعت) بود. بازیکنان در شرایط مشاهده، هر تاکتیک را 3 بار مشاهده کردند؛ در شرایط تصویرسازی نیز 3 کوشش تصویرسازی برای هر تاکتیک انجام شد و شرایط اجرا، شامل 3 اجرای آهسته تاکتیک­ها داخل زمین بود. نتایج تحلیل واریانس مرکب 3 (روش آموزش) در 2 (آزمون کتبی و عملی) نشان داد روش اجرا در مقایسه با مشاهده و تصویرسازی موجب عملکرد بهتر در بازی­های تنظیم‌­شده شد (001/0>P)؛ هم­چنین در آزمون کتبی، روش مشاهده نیز نسبت به روش تصویرسازی موجب امتیاز بیشتری شد (05/0>P). بنابراین به نظر می­رسد روش اجرای درون زمین برای آموزش تاکتیک­‌های تیمی در بازیکنان ماهر، مزیت بیشتری را نسبت به روش مشاهده و تصویرسازی ایجاد می­‌کند اما تصویرسازی ذهنی نیز، در کسب دانش تاکتیک­‌های تیمی مؤثرتر از مشاهده عمل می­‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها
تاکتیک
مهارت‌های باز‌
شبیه‌سازی حرکتی
الگودهی
بازی‌های تنظیم شده

عنوان مقاله English

The Effect of Imagery, Observation and Execution of the Pattern in the Field on the Performance of the Regulated Games of Skilled Basketball Players

نویسندگان English

Amir Mohammad Behrouz Abedini 1
Mehdi Shahbazi 1
Elaheh ArabAmeri 1
Mehran Shahintab 2
1 University of Tehran
چکیده English

The effectiveness of different educational methods in learning different types of motor skills has been considered. However, comparisons of these methods in regulated team sports games have been less studied. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the three educational methods of imagery, observation, and execution of in-field pattern on the performance of regulated games in skilled basketball players.15 players working in the country's Super League and Premier League competitions participated in this study with available access. The players were divided into 3 teams of 5 players according to the position of the game and were subjected to one of three training conditions in each stage based on random classification; So that each team performed all three methods randomly in each stage. Each condition included 1 practice session and a written and practical test session (after 24 hours). The players observed each tactic 3 times in the observation conditions; In terms of imagery, 3 trials were made for each tactic, and the execution conditions included 3 slow execution of tactics inside the field. The results of mixed analysis of variance 3 (training method) in 2 (written and practical test) showed that the execution method compared to observation and imagery causes better performance in regulated games (P <0.05); Also in the written test, the observation method scored higher than the imagery (P <0.05). Therefore, it seems that the field execution method for teaching team tactics in skilled players, has a greater advantage than the observation and imagery method, but the mental imagery is also more effective in acquiring knowledge of team tactics than observation.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Tactic
Open skill
Motor stimulation Modelling
Regulated games
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