تغییرات نگرش، ادارک و قضاوت افراد در مقابله با شرایط آب و هوایی بسیار سرد: یک مطالعه کیفی

نویسندگان
فرهاد بلاش
عبدالحفیظ عمر
ندا سنجری
دانشگاه خوارزمی
چکیده
تغییرات روان‌شناختی قابل توجه در نواحی به‌شدت سرد، به عنوان واکنش‌های طبیعی بشر به شمار می‌روند. قطب جنوب با شرایط بسیار سردی که دارد برای بسیاری از دانشمندان در زمینه‌های مختلف به­عنوان یک آزمایشگاه طبیعی تلقی می‌شود. بقا برای انسان، در این محیط سخت، بدون اقدامات پیش‌نیاز غیرقابل مدیریت است؛ قطب جنوب با تمرکز بر انعطاف و سازگاری روان‌شناختی، فرصتی منحصر به فرد برای نزدیک شدن به مطالعه سازگاری روانی، با بررسی تأثیر شرایط آب و هوایی، محدودیت، انزوا و عدم وجود نور روز و ... بر تغییرات خلقی، استرس و پویایی فرد را نشان می‌دهد. در این مقاله، تغییرات روان‌شناختی شش پژوهشگر که بیست و سه روز سفر علمی در منطقه سردسیر قطب جنوب داشتند، با رویکرد سیستماتیک مفهوم‌سازی شده است. از نظر روش‌شناسی، تحلیل موضوعی و برای دسته‌بندی داده‌های جمع‌آوری‌شده از مصاحبه، مشاهدات و تحلیل اسناد استفاده شده است. تجربیات پژوهشگران به‌طور میدانی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت و عوامل پدید آمده به­عنوان نگرش‌ها، راهبرد‌ها و اقدامات دسته‌بندی شدند. این سه عامل در سطح فردی و گروهی به سی و شش عامل مثبت و منفی تقسیم شدند. از لحاظ نظری، عوامل مثبت و منفی توسط نظریه میدان نیرو پشتیبانی شدند که به مفهوم‌سازی مواجهه اعزام‌شوندگان به منطقه بسیار سرد کمک می‌کرد. نگرش‌های مثبت بر اساس داده‌های جمع‌آوری‌شده در این اکتشاف عبارتند از: خودآگاهی، خودراهبری، خودکنترلی، خودکارآمدی، اعتماد به نفس، خودانگیختگی و خوش‌بینی به اهداف خود. از سوی دیگر نگرش‌های منفی شامل خود ناآگاهی، عدم خودراهبری، تعارض با خود، خودناکارآمدی، شک به خود، خودنابودی، خود تناقض‌گویی و بدبینی است. در مورد راهبرد‌ها مانند نگرش در سطح فردی و هم‌تیمی، راهبرد‌های مثبت و منفی وجود دارد. در سطح فردی راهبردهای مثبت عبارتند از: خودگویی مثبت، تصور مثبت، مدیتیشن، آرامش عضلانی، تلاوت معنوی، کنترل نفس و راهبردهای منفی شامل خودگویی منفی، تصور منفی، سردرگمی، تنش عضلانی، اشاره به ایمان مذهبی و از دست دادن کنترل نفس است. به موازات آن، راهبردهای تعامل با هم‌تیمی‌ها در مسیر مثبت عبارتند از: شوخ‌طبعی، ایجاد هماهنگی تیمی، کنترل توجه، تعهد کار تیمی، کنترل احساسات، قابلیت دسترسی و در بخش منفی شامل نق‌زدن، ایجاد اختلاف، انحراف از تعهد به خودکامیابی و واکنش غیراخلاقی است. به­طور مسالمت‌آمیز، عوامل مثبت و منفی، مانند نگرش‌ها، راهبرد‌ها و اقدامات مثبت و منفی بر یکدیگر اثر دارند در واقع تعامل و تضارب همه عوامل دریافت شده در رویارویی با شرایط سخت گوناگون، منجر به اقدام خاص می‌شوند




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کلیدواژه‌ها
تغییرات روانشناختی
قطب جنوب
هوای بسیار سرد

عنوان مقاله English

Attitude, Perception and Judgment changes in cope with very cold weather conditions: a qualitative study

نویسندگان English

farhad balash
Abdul H. Omar
Neda sanjari
چکیده English

Significant psychological changes in extremely cold regions are considered as natural human reactions. Antarctica has very cold conditions and is considered a natural laboratory for many studies in various fields. Survival, in this harsh environment, is unmanageable without human preconditions; Antarctica with a focus on resilience and psychological adjustment, an opportunity for the individual to approach the study of psychological adjustment, examining the impact of weather conditions, limitations, isolation and lack of daylight, etc. on mood changes, stress and dynamism. is showing. In this article, the psychological changes of six researchers, who are twenty-three days of scientific travel in the cold region in the south of the region, are conceptualized with a systematic concept. In terms of methodology, thematic analysis and collected categories, interviews, observations and documentary analyzes have been used. Researchers' experiences were analyzed in the field and the emerging factors were categorized as attitudes, strategies and. These three factors were divided into thirty-six positive and negative factors at the individual and group levels. Theoretically, positive and negative factors are supported by force field theory, which contribute to the very cold region through conceptualization. Positive attitudes based on the data collected in this exploration include: self-awareness, self-direction, self-control, self-efficacy, self-confidence, self-motivation and self-optimism. On the other hand, negative attitudes are self-awareness, lack of self-direction, conflict with self, inefficiency, self-doubt, self-destruction, self-contradiction and pessimism. There are positive and negative strategies for strategies such as attitude at the individual and team level. In a person, positive strategies include: positive self-talk, positive thinking, meditation, muscle relaxation, spiritual recitation, self-control, and negative strategies include negative self-talk, negative, confusion, justification, religious belief, and loss of self-control. . On the other hand, different strategies with teammates in the direction of positive expressions such as humor, team coordination, control control, team performance, control of negative effects, accessibility and in part including nagging, disagreement, deviation from self-success and immoral reaction. Is. Peacefully, positive and negative factors, such as attitudes, strategies, and positive and negative effects on the environment, in fact, and the conflict of all the factors that lead to specific action in the face of various difficult situations.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Psychological changes
Extreme cold weather
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