مقایسه اثر تحریک الکتریکی مستقیم و تحریک الکتریکی با نویز تصادفی همراه با آموزش شناختی بر عملکرد حافظه کاری افراد دارای اختلال نقص توجه/ بیش فعالی

نویسندگان
مسلم کرد 1
جلیل فتح آبادی 2
شهریار غریب زاده 1
رضا خسرو آبادی 1
1 پژوهشکده علوم شناختی و مغز، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
این پژوهش با هدف مقایسه اثر تحریک الکتریکی مستقیم (tDCS) و تحریک الکتریکی با نویز تصادفی (tRNS) همراه با آموزش شناختی بر عملکرد حافظه کاری افراد دارای اختلال نقص توجه/ بیش فعالی انجام گرفت. برای این منظور تعداد 45 کودک مبتلا به اختلال نقص توجه-بیش فعالی شهر زاهدان به‌صورت هدفمند به‌عنوان نمونه پژوهش انتخاب شدند. این افراد در سه گروه tDCS، tRNS و گروه گواه فعال جای‌دهی شدند. افراد گروه‌های آزمایش 5 جلسه تحریک الکتریکی (tDCS و tRNS) با فاصله 24 ساعت میان هر جلسه دریافت کردند؛ افراد گروه گواه نیز تحریک ساختگی (غیر اثرگذار) دریافت نمودند. همزمان همه افراد توانبخشی شناختی حافظه کاری نیز دریافت کردند. همه افراد قبل و بعد از تحریک و یک هفته پس از تحریک با استفاده از تکلیف ان بک و پاره تست فراخنای ارقام هوش وکسلر مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. داده‌ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل واریانس اندازه‌گیری مکرر تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که در گروه tDCS در اکثر مؤلفه‌های حافظه کاری تفاوت معنی‌داری از مرحله پیش‌آزمون تا پیگیری وجود داشت (001/ 0p<). در گروه tRNS نیز در مؤلفه فراخنای ارقام مستقیم و فراخنای ارقام معکوس در مراحل پژوهش تفاوت معنی‌داری یافت شد. در مقایسه بین دو گروه آزمایش، اثربخشی گروه tDCS بیشتر از گروه tRNS بوده است. همچنین در اکثر مؤلفه‌ها بین دو گروه tRNS و گواه تفاوت معنی‌داری یافت نشد (05/ 0p>). در مجموع نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان می‌دهد که tDCS اثربخشی بیشتری در مقایسه با tRNS در حافظه کاری داشت و از این روش می‌توان همراه با سایر درمان‌ها برای بهبود حافظه کاری کودکان دارای اختلال نقص توجه/ بیش فعالی استفاده نمود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
اختلال نقص توجه/ بیش فعالی
حافظه کاری
تحریک الکتریکی مستقیم
تحریک الکتریکی با نویز تصادفی

عنوان مقاله English

Comparison of the effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS (and Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation (tRNS (combined with cognitive training on working memory performance of people with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

نویسندگان English

MOSLEM KORD 1
Jalil Fath Abadi 2
Shahriar Gharibzadeh 1
Reza Khosrowabadi 1
1 Institute for Cognitive and Brain Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Education and Psychology Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

This study aimed to comparison of the effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation (tRNS) combined with cognitive training on working memory performance of people with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. For this purpose, 45 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in zahedan city were purposefully selected as the research sample. Subjects were divided into three groups: tDCS, tRNS and placebo group. Subjects in the experimental groups received 5 sessions of electrical stimulation (tDCS and tRNS) with an interval of 24 hours between each session; placebo group also received fake stimulation (non-effective). At the same time, all subjects also received cognitive rehabilitation of working memory. All subjects were evaluated before and after the stimulation and one week after the stimulation using the N-back task and the Wechsler Digit span test. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. The results showed that in the tDCS group, there was a significant difference in most working memory components from the pre-test stage to the follow-up (p<0.001). In the tRNS group, a significant difference was found in the component of direct digit span and reverse digit span in the research stages. In the comparison between the two experimental groups, the effectiveness of the tDCS group was higher than that of the tRNS group. Also, no significant difference was found in most of the components between the tRNS and placebo groups (p>0.05). Overall, the results of this study show that tDCS was more effective than tRNS in working memory and this method can be used together with other treatments to improve the working memory of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Attention Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder
working memory
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation
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