بررسی و مقایسه انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی، توجه انتخابی و بازداری پاسخ در دانشجویان دوزبانه و تک‌زبانه دختر و پسر

نویسندگان
محمدرضا ذوقی پایدار
نسرین یوسفی
دانشگاه خوارزمی
چکیده
هدف این پژوهش، بررسی کارکردهای اجرایی مغز از جمله انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی، توجه انتخابی و بازداری پاسخ، بر اساس متغیرهای جنسیت و زبان، در بین دانشجویان دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان بوده است. روش پژوهش حاضر توصیفی و علی- مقایسه‌ای بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش، دانشجویان دوزبانه و تک زبانه دانشگاه بوعلی سینا در سال تحصیلی 99-1398 بودند که آزمون بر روی ۲۱۴ نفر از دانشجویان اجرا شد و در نهایت داده‌های به ‌دست ‌آمده از ۱۶۵ نفر، از طریق تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیره، بررسی شد. برای جمع آوری داده ها از آزمون رایانه‌ای استروپ استفاده شد. نتایج نشان ‌داد که بین جنسیت و کارکردهای اجرایی، تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد؛ به این صورت که متغیرهای توجه انتخابی و بازداری پاسخ در زنان بیشتر از مردان است و انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی در مردان، بیشتر از زنان است (01/0 p<)؛ اما در رابطه با متغیرهای کارکردهای اجرایی در بین افراد دوزبانه و تک زبانه، تفاوت معناداری مشاهده نشد (05/0 p>). بر اساس یافته­ها می­توان گفت که برحسب جنسیت، در کارکردهای اجرایی مغز تفاوت وجود دارد لذا پیشنهاد می­شود در حوزه آموزش و یادگیری مرتبط با کارکردهای اجرایی به مقوله جنسیت توجه شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی
بازداری پاسخ
توجه انتخابی
جنسیت
دوزبانگی

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation and comparison of cognitive flexibility, selective attention and response inhibition in male and female bilingual and monolingual students

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Reza Zoghi Paydar
Nasrin Yousefi
چکیده English

In different parts of the world, people speak different languages ​​to each other. Some parts of the world are more linguistically rich and more than one language is spoken in those regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate and evaluate the executive functions of the brain including cognitive flexibility, selective attention and response inhibition in monolingual and bilingual male and female students of Bu Ali Sina University of Hamadan. This research has been done by descriptive and causal-comparative method using complex Stroop computer test. The statistical population selected for this study were bilingual and monolingual students of Bu Ali Sina University. The test was performed on 214 male and female students. Data obtained from 165 students were analyzed by independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance. The obtained results showed that there is a significant difference between gender and executive functions studied in this study. But there was no significant difference between bilingual and monolingual individuals with these functions. In this study, we concluded that gender affects the executive functions of the brain, but bilingualism and monolingualism do not affect the executive functions of the brain.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Cognitive Flexibility
response inhibition
Selective attention
gender
bilingualism
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