پیش بینی گرایش به اعتیاد براساس تمایزیافتگی خویشتن، خود میان بینی و راههای مقابله ای در بین دانشجویان

نویسندگان
دانشگاه پیام نور ، قم
چکیده
این پژوهش به بررسی پیش‌بینی گرایش به اعتیاد بر اساس تمایزیافتگی خویشتن، خودمیانبینی و سبک‌های مقابله‌ای پرداخته است. هدف اصلی این مطالعه، شناسایی عوامل روان‌شناختی مؤثر بر گرایش به اعتیاد و تحلیل روابط میان این متغیرها است. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دانشجویان مقطع کارشناسی دانشگاه پیام‌نور قم در سال ۱۴۰۰ بود. نمونه پژوهش با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شد و در مجموع ۲۸۵ دانشجو از دانشکده‌های مختلف این دانشگاه در مطالعه شرکت کردند. داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه‌های استاندارد شامل مقیاس گرایش به اعتیاد، تمایزیافتگی خویشتن، خودمیانبینی و سبک‌های مقابله‌ای جمع‌آوری و با روش‌های آماری همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون چندگانه تحلیل شدند.نتایج نشان داد که تمایزیافتگی خویشتن، خودمیانبینی و سبک‌های مقابله‌ای به‌طور معناداری گرایش به اعتیاد را پیش‌بینی می‌کنند. در میان این متغیرها، سبک‌های مقابله‌ای با ضریب پیش‌بینی ۰.۵۰ بیشترین تأثیر را داشتند، در حالی که تمایزیافتگی خویشتن (۰.۴۵) و خودمیانبینی (۰.۳۲) در رتبه‌های بعدی قرار گرفتند. یافته‌ها نشان داد افرادی که تمایزیافتگی خویشتن پایین‌تر و سبک‌های مقابله‌ای ناکارآمدتری دارند، بیشتر در معرض گرایش به اعتیاد هستند.این پژوهش با تأکید بر نقش عوامل روان‌شناختی، کاربردهای مهمی در طراحی مداخلات پیشگیرانه و درمانی مرتبط با اعتیاد دارد. نتایج می‌تواند به‌عنوان پایه‌ای علمی برای ارتقاء سلامت روانی و کاهش رفتارهای پرخطر مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Prediction of Addiction Tendencies Based on Self-Differentiation, Self-Reflection, and Coping Strategies Among Students

نویسندگان English

Hojjatollah Mohammadzadeh
Alireza Aghayousfi
Emad Yousefi
Associate of psychology
چکیده English

This study examined the prediction of addiction tendency based on differentiation of self, self-construal, and coping styles. The primary aim was to identify the psychological factors significantly predicting addiction tendency and to analyze the relationships among these variables. The statistical population included all undergraduate students at Payame Noor University of Qom in 2021. Using simple random sampling, 285 students from various faculties were selected as the sample. Data were collected using standardized questionnaires, including the Addiction Tendency Scale, Differentiation of Self Inventory, Self-Construal Scale, and Coping Styles Inventory. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were applied to analyze the data.The results indicated that differentiation of self, self-construal, and coping styles significantly predicted addiction tendency. Among these variables, coping styles had the highest predictive coefficient (β = 0.50), followed by differentiation of self (β = 0.45) and self-construal (β = 0.32). The findings revealed that individuals with lower differentiation of self and less effective coping styles are more likely to exhibit addiction tendencies.This study highlights the crucial role of psychological factors in understanding addiction tendencies and has significant implications for designing preventive and therapeutic interventions. The findings can serve as a scientific basis for promoting mental health and reducing high-risk behaviors, including addiction.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Addiction tendencies
Attachment styles
Self-Differentiation
self-reflection
Coping Strategies
Students
Fatemisough, H., Moradi, A., Dastgerdi, M. V., & Fatemi, R. (2024). Relationship between Parenting Styles and Tendency to Addiction in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 53(1), 70.
Abedi, Z., Yaghobi, Y., Pourghane, P., & Faraji Nesfechi, E. (2024). Factors associated with drug addiction relapse in elderly adults in Iran: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Nursing Reports in Clinical Practice, 2(4), 219-226.
Sohrabpour, M., Kamyab, A., Yari, A., Harsini, P. A., & Khani Jeihooni, A. (2024). The factors affecting substance abuse relapse based on theory of planned behavior in male addicts covered by addiction treatment centers in Southern Iran. BMC public health, 24(1), 1265.
Zeng, X., & Tan, C. (2021). The relationship between the family functioning of individuals with drug addiction and relapse tendency: a moderated mediation model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 625.
Liu, Q., Huang, J., & Zhou, Z. (2020). Self-expansion via smartphone and smartphone addiction tendency among adolescents: A moderated mediation model. Children and Youth Services Review, 119, 105590.
Dezhkam, N., Bahri, M. R. Z., & Keshi, A. K. (2023). Association of addiction tendency with distress tolerance, self-differentiation, and emotion regulation difficulties mediated by resilience in university students. Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, 25(2), 76-82.
Kouchaki, M., & Giti Ghoreishi, A. S. (2024). A Comparison of Self-Differentiation and Social Interest in Amphetamine-Dependent Individuals and Normal Individuals. Journal of Psychology New Ideas, 21(25), 1-13.
Kamakeli, N. A., Jahromi, R. G., Karimzadeh, M., & Shahabi, S. R. The Mediating Role of Self-Differentiation in the Relationship Between Basic Psychological Needs and Online Gaming Addiction in High School Students. Education, 9(2), 465-475.
Jacobs, B. A., Cherbonneau, M., & Pickett, J. T. (2024). Greed restraint: Ambiguity aversion, reference dependence, and self-centeredness as sources of self-regulation in instrumental crime. Crime & Delinquency, 70(6-7), 1663-1700.
Webb, J. R., & Boye, C. M. (2024). Self-Forgiveness and Self-Condemnation in the Context of Addictive Behavior and Suicidal Behavior. Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation, 21-30.
Hua, Y., Wang, W., Shi, J., Wang, H., Xu, K., Shi, G., ... & Lu, C. (2023). Childhood trauma and internet addiction among Chinese adolescents: The mediating role of coping styles. Current Psychology, 42(19), 16507-16517.
Tomaszek, K., & Muchacka-Cymerman, A. (2021). The mediating effect of student school burnout on the relationship between coping strategies and Internet addiction. Current Issues in Personality Psychology, 10(4), 287.
Dores, A. R., Carvalho, I. P., Burkauskas, J., Simonato, P., De Luca, I., Mooney, R., ... & Corazza, O. (2021). Exercise and use of enhancement drugs at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicultural study on coping strategies during self-isolation and related risks. Frontiers in psychiatry, 12, 648501.
Carter, R. R., Johnson, S. M., Exline, J. J., Post, S. G., & Pagano, M. E. (2012). Addiction and “Generation Me”: Narcissistic and prosocial behaviors of adolescents with substance dependency disorder in comparison to normative adolescents. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 30(2), 163-178.
Esmaeelbeigi Mahani, M., Ayadi, N., Nabiallahi Najafabadi, A., & Rezaei, S. (2020). The role of emotional expression styles and religious coping styles in students’ tendency towards addiction. Journal of Research on Religion and Health, 5(4), 34-47.
Weed, N. C., Butcher, J. N., McKenna, T., & Ben-Porath, Y. S. (1992). New measures for assessing alcohol and drug abuse with the MMPI-2: The APS and AAS. Journal of personality assessment, 58(2), 389-404.
Skowron, E. A., & Friedlander, M. L. (1998). The differentiation of self inventory: development and initial validation. Journal of counseling psychology, 45(3), 235.
Lapsley, D. K., Fitzgerald, D. P., Rice, K. G., & Jackson, S. (1989). Separation-individuation and the" new look" at the imaginary audience and personal fable: A test of an integrative model. Journal of Adolescent Research, 4(4), 483-505.
Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1988). Manual for the ways of coping questionnaire: Research edition.
Zamirinejad, S., Jamil, L., & Ashouri, A. (2022). Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the pure procrastination scale in college students. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 27(4), 520-535.
Shakeri, J., Ahmadi, S. M., Maleki, F., Hesami, M. R., Moghadam, A. P., Ahmadzade, A., ... & Elahi, A. (2020). Effectiveness of group narrative therapy on depression, quality of life, and anxiety in people with amphetamine addiction: A randomized clinical trial. Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences, 45(2), 91.
Ruuttu, T., Pelkonen, M., Holi, M., Karlsson, L., Kiviruusu, O., Heilä, H., ... & Marttunen, M. (2006). Psychometric properties of the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40) in adolescents. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 194(2), 98-105.
Clark, K. K., Bormann, C. A., Cropanzano, R. S., & James, K. (1995). Validation evidence for three coping measures. Journal of Personality Assessment, 65(3), 434-455.
Sobhani, S., Fathali Lavasani, F., Moniri, R., Farahani, H., & Samadi, A. (2024). Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of the Adaptive Coping with Disease (AKU) Questionnaire for Iranian Patients with Chronic Diseases. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 30(1), 0-0.