بررسی قضاوت اخلاقی در مهندسان عمران: مطالعه‌ی‌ تجربی فعالیت همودینامیک مغز

نویسندگان
مهدیار مخلص پور اصفهانی 1
علیرضا مرادی 2
مهرداد دادگستر 3
نوشین پورباقی 4
مصطفی خانزادی 5
1 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی و مدیریت ساخت، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
2 استاد روانشناسی بالینی، گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
3 دکتری، مرکز تصویربرداری بیومدیکال آتینولا مارتینوس، بیمارستان عمومی ماساچوست، دانشکده پزشکی هاروارد، چارلستاون، ایالات متحده.
4 دانشجوی دکتری علوم اعصاب شناختی، رایانش و هوش مصنوعی، موسسه آموزش عالی علوم شناختی، تهران، ایران.
5 استاد، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
هدف این پژوهش سنجش سطح رشد اخلاقی مهندسان عمران با استفاده از داستان‌های دوراهی اخلاقی کلبرگ و ثبت هم‌زمان داده‌های مغزی بود. 30 مهندس مرد راست‌دست با حداقل سه سال سابقه اجرایی در مطالعه شرکت کردند و فعالیت همودینامیک مغز آن‌ها با طیف‌سنجی فروسرخ نزدیک (NIRS) در نواحی قشر پیش‌پیشانی شکمی-میانی (VMPFC)، شکمی-جانبی (VLPFC) و پشتی-جانبی (DLPFC) در سه مرحله خواندن داستان، پاسخ به پرسش‌ها و اولویت‌بندی بررسی شد. داده‌ها با آزمون من‌ویتنی تحلیل شدند و نتایج نشان داد میزان HbO2 در DLPFC راست و VLPFC چپ هنگام خواندن داستان‌ها در مهندسان با قضاوت اخلاقی بالاتر به‌طور معناداری بیشتر بود (0.047 =p و 0.026 =p ). در مرحله اولویت‌بندی، میزان Hb در VLPFC راست در گروه با نمره اخلاقی پایین‌تر به‌طور معناداری افزایش یافت (0.015 = p). این یافته‌ها نقش کلیدی نواحی پیش‌پیشانی در پردازش قضاوت‌های اخلاقی را تأیید کرده و با مطالعات پیشین همسو است. هرچند NIRS مزایای متعددی دارد، محدودیت آن در عمق اندازه‌گیری فعالیت مغزی وجود دارد. پژوهش حاضر با ارائه شواهد زیستی همسو با پرسشنامه‌های دوراهی اخلاقی، گامی نوین در پیش‌بینی سطح اخلاقی مهندسان برداشته و امکان استفاده از داده‌های مغزی برای پیش‌بینی رشد اخلاقی با هوش مصنوعی را فراهم می‌کند. پیشنهاد می‌شود در مطالعات آینده مهندسان زن، افراد چپ‌دست و نواحی مغزی گسترده‌تر مورد بررسی قرار گیرند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
نقشه‌برداری مغز
دوراهی اخلاقی
صنعت ساخت
فعالیت همودینامیک مغز
مراحل رشد اخلاقی

عنوان مقاله English

Moral Judgment in Civil Engineers: An Empirical Study of Brain Hemodynamic Activity

نویسندگان English

Mahdiyar Mokhlespour Esfahani 1
Alireza Moradi 2
Mehrdad Dadgostar 3
Nooshin Pourbaghi 4
Mostafa Khanzadi 5
1 Ph.D. Candidate in Construction Engineering and Management, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor of Clinical Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Ph.D, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States.
4 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran.
5 Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

The aim of this study was to assess the moral development of civil engineers using Kohlberg’s moral dilemma stories alongside simultaneous recording of brain activity. Thirty right-handed male engineers with at least three years of professional experience participated in the study. Hemodynamic activity was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) across three phases: story reading, question answering, and prioritization. Data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test. Results indicated that HbO2 levels in the right DLPFC and left VLPFC during story reading were significantly higher in engineers with higher moral judgment scores (p = 0.047 and p = 0.026). In the prioritization phase, Hb levels in the right VLPFC were significantly elevated in participants with lower moral scores (p = 0.015). These findings confirm the critical role of prefrontal regions in moral judgment processing, consistent with previous research. Although NIRS offers several advantages, its limited depth of measurement is a constraint. This study provides novel neurobiological evidence aligned with moral dilemma questionnaires, representing a step forward in predicting engineers’ moral development and enabling the use of brain data for artificial intelligence–based prediction. Future research is recommended to include female engineers, left-handed individuals, and broader brain regions.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Brain mapping
Moral Dilemmas
Construction Industry
Hemodynamic brain activity
Stages of Moral Development
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