اثربخشی توان‌بخشی شناختی مبتنی بر رایانه و آموزش خوددلگرم‌سازی بر کارکردهای اجرایی و سرزندگی ذهنی در سالمندان

نویسندگان
نجمه حمید 1
اسرا مرادپور 2
سیدعلی مرعشی 2
1 استاد روانشناسی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
2 اهواز- دانشگاه شهیدچمران اهواز-
چکیده
هدف این پژوهش بررسی اثربخشی توان‌بخشی شناختی مبتنی بر رایانه و آموزش خوددلگرم‌سازی بر بهبود کارکردهای اجرایی و سرزندگی ذهنی در سالمندان است. این پژوهش از نوع نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری شامل آزمودنی‌های سالمند (افراد بالای 60 سال سن) بود. در این پژوهش با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس 45 نفر از سالمندان انتخاب شدند که با استفاده از پرسشنامه‌های سرزندگی ذهنی و توانایی شناختی و بر اساس ملاک‌های ورود و خروج 30 نفر از آن‌ها به‌عنوان نمونه نهایی انتخاب شدند که به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل و آزمایش قرار گرفتند (هرگروه 15 نفر). سالمندان گروه آزمایش به مدت 10 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای آموزش خود دلگرم‌سازی و همچنین به مدت 10 جلسه 45 دقیقه‌ای مداخلات توان‌بخشی شناختی ریهاکام دریافت کردند، اما گروه کنترل مداخله‌ای دریافت نکردند. نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس داده‌ها نشان داد که میان گروه آزمایش و کنترل تفاوت معنی داری در هریک از متغیرهای وابسته وجود داشت، یعنی میانگین عملکرد کارکردهای اجرایی و سرزندگی ذهنی در گروه آزمایش نسبت به پیش‌آزمون و گروه کنترل، به طور معنا‌داری افزایش یافت و این نتایج به‌طور معناداری در دوره پیگیری تداوم یافت. به‌طور کلی، مداخله توان‌بخشی شناختی (ریهاکام) و آموزش خوددلگرم سازی موجب بهبود و افزایش کارکردهای اجرایی و سرزندگی ذهنی در سالمندان شد. بنابراین پیشنهاد می‌شود که از مداخله توان‌بخشی شناختی ریهاکام و آموزش خوددلگرم ‌سازی به‌عنوان درمان‌های مکمل و یا جدا از هم برای ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی انسان در دوره سالمندی استفاده شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
توان‌بخشی شناختی مبتنی بر رایانه
آموزش خوددلگرم‌سازی
کارکردهای اجرایی
سرزندگی ذهنی
سالمندان

عنوان مقاله English

The Effect of Computer-Based Cognitive Rehabilitation and Self-Encouragement Training on Executive Functions and Mental Vitality in the ElderlyEncouraging training based on accepting yourself and others, paying attention to your positive points and daring to be imperfect can help the elderly to feel valuable and expand their connections. Also, computer-based cognitive rehabilitation restores cognitive function by relying on practice and repetition. Based on this, the aim of the present study was

نویسندگان English

najmeh hamid 1
asra Moradpoor 2
seyed Alii Marashy 2
1 Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, College of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid chamran university of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 shahid chamran university of Ahvaz
چکیده English

Encouraging training based on accepting yourself and others, paying attention to your positive points and daring to be imperfect can help the elderly to feel valuable and expand their connections. Also, computer-based cognitive rehabilitation restores cognitive function by relying on practice and repetition. Based on this, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of computer-based cognitive rehabilitation and self-encouragement training on executive functions and mental vitality in the elderly. This research was a semi-experimental type with a pre‑test, post‑test, follow‑up design and control group. The statistical population was elderly subjects (subjects over 60 years old). In this study, 45 elderly subjects were selected using available sampling method, and 30 of them were selected as the final sample using the exclude and include criteria, and they were randomly divided into two control and experimental groups of 15 subjects. The elderly in the experimental group received self-encouragement training for 10 sessions of 90 minutes, as well as Rihakam cognitive rehabilitation interventions for 10 sessions of 45 minutes but the control group did not receive any intervention. The results of covariance analysis of the data have shown that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in each of the dependent variables (P<0.001). That is, the average performance of executive functions and mental vitality in the experimental group increased significantly compared to the pre-test and the control group, and these results have continued significantly in the follow-up period (P <0.001). In general, cognitive rehabilitation intervention (Rihakam) and self-encouragement training have improved and increased executive functions and mental vitality in the elderly. Therefore, it is suggested to use Rihakam's cognitive rehabilitation intervention and self-encouragement training as complementary or separate treatments to improve the quality of human life in old age.



کلیدواژه‌ها English

Computer-Based Cognitive Rehabilitation
self-encouragement training
Executive Functions
mental vitality
elderly
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