اثربخشی بازی‌های شناختی رایانه‌ای بر کارکردهای اجرایی و خلاقیت کودکان پیش‌دبستانی

نویسندگان
فریده سادات حسینی
طیبه احمدشاهی
سوران رجبی
دانشگاه خلیج فارس
چکیده
بازی‌های شناختی رایانه‌ای یک شیوه جدید و برانگیزاننده برای کودکان و نوجوانان می‌باشد که می‌تواند علاوه بر جنبه‌های سرگرم‌کننده، به آن‌ها کمک کند تا کارکردهای شناختی و خلاقیت خود را ارتقا ببخشند. مطالعه‌ی حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی بازی‌های شناختی رایانه‌ای بر کارکردهای اجرایی و خلاقیت کودکان پیش‌دبستانی انجام شده است. مطالعه‌ی حاضر در قالب روش نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل اجرا شده است. نمونه تحقیق 21 کودک دختر و پسر مقطع پیش‌دبستانی بودند که به شیوه در دسترس در یک مرکز پیش‌دبستانی شهر بوشهر انتخاب شدند و به شیوه همتاسازی بر اساس جنسیت، سن و هوش در سه گروه 7 نفره یعنی دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل جایگزین شدند. قبل و بعد از اجرای بازی‌های شناختی، آزمون خلاقیت تصویری تورنس و نرم‌افزار استروپ ساده و حافظه کاری وکسلر بر روی سه گروه اجرا شد. گروه‌های آزمایشی بازی‌های لوموسیتی و بازی‌های تتریس هر یک به مدت 16 جلسه‌ی یک ساعته بازی‌های شناختی را انجام دادند و گروه کنترل در این مدت هیچ‌گونه بازی را دریافت نکردند. نتایج نشان داد که انجام بازی‌های شناختی رایانه‌ای بر خلاقیت و حافظه کاری کودکان پیش‌دبستانی تأثیر معنادار دارد ولی بر توجه انتخابی و انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی تأثیر معنادار ندارد. نتایج این پژوهش تلویحات نظری و کاربردی مهم در ارتباط با نقش بازی‌های شناختی رایانه‌ای در ارتقای کارکرد شناختی کودکان پیش‌دبستانی در بردارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
بازی شناختی رایانه‌ای
کارکرد اجرایی
خلاقیت
کودک پیش‌دبستانی

عنوان مقاله English

The Effective Effectiveness of Computerised Cognitive Games on Executive Functions and Creativity of Preschool Children

نویسندگان English

faride sadat Hoseini
Tayebe Ahmadshahi
Soran Rajabi
Persian Gulf University
چکیده English

Computer-based cognitive games are new and exciting for kids and adolescents that can help them to improve their cognitive functions and creativity in addition to entertainment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of computerised cognitive games on executive functions and creativity of preschool children. This study is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and control group design. The sample consisted of 21 preschool female and male children, who were selected by convenience sampling in a preschool centre in Bushehr. Participants were matched on the basis of gender, age and intelligence and were allocated to three groups of seven children, i.e., two experimental groups and one control group. Before and after cognitive games, the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT), a simple Stroop software and the working memory Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) were used. The experimental groups played cognitive games such as Lomocyte and Tetris for 16 one-hour sessions, and the control group did not play any games during this time. The results showed that playing computerised cognitive games has a significant effect on creativity and working memory among preschool children. However, there is no significant effect on selective attention, cognitive flexibility, planning and organising. The results of this research have important theoretical and applied implications regarding the role of computerised cognitive games in promoting cognitive functions of preschool children.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Computer-based Cognitive Games
Executive Functions
creativity
Preschool Children
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